a {
  text-decoration: none;
}
img {
  max-width: 100%;
}
.social-bar {
  display: flex;
  flex-flow: row wrap;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 10px 0;
}
.fb-post.fb_iframe_widget,
.fb-post.fb_iframe_widget span,
.fb-post.fb_iframe_widget span iframe[style],
.fb-comments.fb_iframe_widget,
.fb-comments.fb_iframe_widget span,
.fb-comments.fb_iframe_widget span iframe[style] {
  min-width: 100% !important;
  width: 100% !important;
}
.fb-like {
  height: 20px;
}
.teaser {
  transition: all 700ms;
  opacity: 0;
}
.teaser.lazyload {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: scale(0.9);
}
.teaser.lazyloaded {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: scale(1);
}
.slider-wrapper {
  -webkit-backface-visibility: hidden;
}
.tns-nav {
  text-align: center;
  margin: 10px 0;
  width: 100%;
  z-index: 1;
}
.tns-nav + button[data-action] {
  display: none;
}
.tns-nav > [aria-controls] {
  width: 9px;
  height: 9px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0 5px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #ddd;
  border: 0;
}
.tns-nav > [aria-controls]:focus {
  outline: 0;
}
.tns-nav > .tns-nav-active {
  background: #e60012;
}
.article-blockquote {
  font-weight: bold;
  position: relative;
}
.article-blockquote:before,
.article-blockquote:after {
  font-size: 80px;
  position: absolute;
  line-height: 0;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .article-blockquote:before,
  .article-blockquote:after {
    font-size: 40px;
  }
}
.article-blockquote:before {
  content: '“';
  left: -60px;
  top: 0;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .article-blockquote:before {
    left: -40px;
  }
}
.article-blockquote:after {
  content: '”';
  right: -60px;
  bottom: -20px;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .article-blockquote:after {
    right: -40px;
  }
}
.article-blockquote-1 {
  padding: 47px 50px;
  background: #efefef;
  font-size: 20px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  margin: 0 0 30px;
  border-left: 3px solid #ee5103;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .article-blockquote-1 {
    padding: 40px 35px;
  }
}
.article-blockquote-2 {
  padding: 47px 50px;
  background: #efefef;
  font-size: 20px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  margin: 0 0 30px;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .article-blockquote-2 {
    padding: 40px 35px;
  }
}
.article-blockquote-3 {
  background: #efefef;
  padding: 55px 50px;
  position: relative;
  color: #000;
  margin: 0 0 30px;
  font-size: 20px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #ee5103;
}
.article-blockquote-3::before {
  content: '';
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' x='0px' y='0px' viewBox='0 0 50 50' style='enable-background:new 0 0 50 50;' xml:space='preserve'%3E%3Cg transform='translate(-5.823 -6.008)'%3E%3Cg class='st0'%3E%3Cpath style='fill:%23E66666;' d='M48.7,13.3l4.3,6.3c-5.4,2.8-9,7.2-9,12.8l7.9-0.1v16.4H35.5V33C35.5,28.2,38.2,17.9,48.7,13.3z'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3Cg class='st0'%3E%3Cpath style='fill:%23E66666;' d='M21.8,13.3l4.3,6.3c-5.4,2.8-9,7.2-9,12.8l7.9-0.1v16.4H8.6V33C8.6,28.2,11.3,17.9,21.8,13.3z'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E%0A");
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: 35px;
  width: 35px;
  height: 35px;
  position: absolute;
  top: -15px;
  left: 50%;
  display: inline-block;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
}
.article-blockquote-4 {
  padding: 50px;
  color: #000;
  margin: 0 0 30px;
  font-size: 20px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  border: 1px solid #ee5103;
}
.section-more {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  margin: 10px 0;
}
.section-more .more {
  font-size: 15px;
  width: 160px;
  line-height: 33.5px;
  background: #c7c7c7;
  border-radius: 3px;
  text-align: center;
  color: #fff;
}
.section-more .more:hover {
  background: #bfbfbf;
  color: #fff;
}
.article-image {
  margin: 0;
  color: #fff;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  clear: both;
  font-size: 0;
}
.article-image figcaption {
  font-size: 16px;
  font-size: calc(0.2vmin + 14px);
  padding: 5px 10px;
}
.article-image img {
  max-width: 100%;
  width: 100%;
}
.article-image__full {
  max-width: 100%;
}
.article-image__side {
  max-width: 300px;
}
.article-image__side:before,
.article-image__side:after {
  content: '';
  display: table;
}
.article-image__side:after {
  clear: both;
}
.article-image__side-right {
  float: right;
  margin-left: 15px;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .article-image__side-right {
    float: none;
    margin: 0 auto 20px;
  }
}
.article-image__side-left {
  float: left;
  margin-right: 15px;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .article-image__side-left {
    float: none;
    margin: 0 auto 20px;
  }
}
.article-video {
  width: 100%;
  position: relative;
  padding-bottom: 56.25%;
  padding-top: 25px;
  height: 0;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  clear: both;
}
.article-video iframe {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
}
.article-extension {
  background: #eee;
  padding: 40px 20px;
  margin-top: 30px;
  clear: both;
  display: flex;
  flex-flow: column wrap;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .article-extension {
    padding: 25px 20px;
  }
}
.article-extension:not(.article-extension-thumb) h3 {
  margin: 0 0 10px;
  width: 100%;
}
.article-extension:not(.article-extension-thumb) .extension-list {
  padding: 5px 0;
  line-height: 1.5;
  position: relative;
  align-self: flex-start;
}
.article-extension:not(.article-extension-thumb) .extension-list:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}
.article-extension--author .extension-list .extension-list__author {
  display: flex;
  color: #000;
  transform: translateY(20px);
}
.article-extension--author .extension-list .extension-list__author img {
  aspect-ratio: 1/1;
  width: 100px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 3px solid #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.24);
  align-self: flex-start;
}
.article-extension--author .extension-list .extension-list__author .author-info {
  margin-left: 10px;
  line-height: 1.45;
  width: calc(100% - 110px);
}
.article-extension--author .extension-list .extension-list__author .author-title {
  font-size: 18px;
  margin: 10px 0 5px;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
  overflow: hidden;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.article-extension--author .extension-list .extension-list__author .author-bio {
  font-size: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 30px;
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.tns-slider--nav .tns-outer {
  position: relative;
  padding: 0 10px !important;
}
.tns-slider--nav .tns-controls [data-controls] {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(calc(-50% - 35px));
  z-index: 3;
  outline: 0;
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  padding: 0;
  width: 35px;
  height: 35px;
  color: transparent;
}
.tns-slider--nav .tns-controls [data-controls]::before {
  content: '';
  font-family: fontello;
  font-size: 32px;
  color: #bbb;
}
.tns-slider--nav .tns-controls [data-controls='prev'] {
  left: -23px;
}
.tns-slider--nav .tns-controls [data-controls='prev']::before {
  content: '\35';
}
.tns-slider--nav .tns-controls [data-controls='next'] {
  right: -23px;
}
.tns-slider--nav .tns-controls [data-controls='next']::before {
  content: '\36';
}
.extension-wrapper {
  display: flex;
  flex-flow: row wrap;
  justify-content: space-between;
  margin-top: 20px;
}
.extension-wrapper:not(.tns-slider) {
  justify-content: flex-start;
  gap: 30px;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 1024px) {
  .extension-wrapper:not(.tns-slider) {
    gap: 0 20px;
  }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .extension-wrapper:not(.tns-slider) {
    gap: 0;
  }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 1024px) {
  .extension-wrapper {
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0 20px;
  }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .extension-wrapper {
    flex-flow: column nowrap;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0;
  }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .article-extension--slider .extension-wrapper {
    flex-flow: row wrap;
  }
  .article-extension--slider .extension-wrapper .extension-list {
    max-width: inherit;
  }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .article-extension--left-right .extension-wrapper .extension-list {
    max-width: 100%;
    display: flex;
    flex-flow: row nowrap;
  }
  .article-extension--left-right .extension-wrapper .extension-list img {
    max-width: 125px;
    align-self: flex-start;
  }
  .article-extension--left-right .extension-wrapper .extension-title {
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-left: 10px;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
    width: calc(100% - 125px);
  }
}
.extension-wrapper .extension-list {
  max-width: 100%;
  width: calc((100% / 3) - 20px);
  position: relative;
  margin: 0 0 20px;
  font-size: 0;
  color: #000;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 1024px) {
  .extension-wrapper .extension-list {
    width: calc((100% / 2) - 10px);
  }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .extension-wrapper .extension-list {
    width: 100%;
  }
}
.extension-wrapper .extension-list img {
  aspect-ratio: 140/93;
  object-fit: cover;
  width: 100%;
  border-radius: 3px;
}
.extension-wrapper .extension-title {
  width: 90%;
  position: relative;
  font-size: 18px;
  margin: 10px auto 0;
  line-height: 1.45;
  color: #000;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .extension-wrapper .extension-title {
    font-size: 20px;
  }
}
.extension-wrapper .btn-extension {
  color: #fff;
  background: #666;
  border-radius: 10px;
  padding: 10px 20px;
  font-size: 14px;
  transition: background 0.3s linear;
}
.extension-wrapper .btn-extension:hover {
  background: #333;
}
.tns__arrow .arrow {
  width: 35px;
  height: 35px;
  display: block;
  position: absolute;
  transform: translateY(calc(-50% - 25px));
  top: 50%;
  z-index: 3;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.tns__arrow .arrow::before {
  font-family: fontello;
  color: #bbb;
  font-size: 35px;
}
.tns__arrow .arrow.arrow-prev {
  left: -23px;
}
.tns__arrow .arrow.arrow-prev::before {
  content: '\35';
}
.tns__arrow .arrow.arrow-next {
  right: -23px;
}
.tns__arrow .arrow.arrow-next::before {
  content: '\36';
}
.article-topic .article-title {
  margin-bottom: 30px;
}
.article-topic .article-extension {
  position: relative;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 1024px) {
  .article-topic .extension-wrapper {
    flex-flow: row wrap;
    gap: 0;
  }
  .article-topic .tns-outer {
    padding: 0 10px !important;
  }
}
.article-slideshow {
  margin-bottom: 50px;
  line-height: 0;
  clear: both;
}
.article-slideshow .tns-controls button[data-controls] {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 3;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(calc(-50% - 30px));
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  width: 35px;
  outline: 0;
  padding: 0;
}
.article-slideshow .tns-controls button[data-controls]:before {
  font-family: 'fontello';
  font-size: 35px;
  color: #fff;
  text-align: center;
}
.article-slideshow .tns-controls button[data-controls='prev'] {
  left: 0;
}
.article-slideshow .tns-controls button[data-controls='prev']:before {
  content: '\35';
}
.article-slideshow .tns-controls button[data-controls='next'] {
  right: 0;
}
.article-slideshow .tns-controls button[data-controls='next']:before {
  content: '\36';
}
.article-slideshow .figure-slider {
  margin: 0;
}
.article-slideshow .figure-slider img {
  width: 100%;
}
.article-slideshow .figure-slider figcaption {
  letter-spacing: 2px;
  font-size: calc(0.2vmin + 14px);
  line-height: 2;
  color: #666;
}
.scroll-progress {
  width: 100%;
  height: 4px;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  display: table;
  table-layout: fixed;
  z-index: 99;
}
.scroll-progress .progress {
  width: 0%;
  float: left;
  height: 4px;
  z-index: 99;
  max-width: 100%;
  transition: width 0.6s ease;
}
.caption {
  padding: 5px 0;
  display: inline-block;
}
.full-width-video {
  position: relative;
  max-width: 1920px;
  padding-bottom: calc(9 / 16 * 100%);
}
.full-width-video iframe {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
}
.footer {
  background: #222;
}
.footer .footer-text {
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 14px;
  color: #fff;
  padding: 20px 10px;
}
.udn-grey {
  color: #808080;
}
.udn-orange {
  color: #ff8000;
}
.udn-blue {
  color: #0074ad;
}
.udn-logo-reserve {
  color: #333;
  font-size: 12px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 0.3s ease, transform 0.4s linear 0.3s;
}
.menu-open .udn-logo-reserve {
  opacity: 1;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .udn-logo-reserve {
    display: none;
  }
}
.udn-logo-reserve:before {
  background: url("https://udn.com/static/img/logo_mark.svg");
  background-size: 100%;
  display: inline-block;
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  content: '';
  margin-right: 10px;
}
.article-comparison {
  width: 100%;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin: 0 auto 50px;
  position: relative;
}
.article-comparison .caption {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
.article-comparison .comparison-before {
  background-size: cover;
  position: relative;
  font-size: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  margin: 0;
  line-height: 0;
}
.article-comparison .comparison-before img {
  width: 100%;
}
.article-comparison .comparison-after {
  background-size: cover;
  position: absolute;
  width: 50%;
  overflow: hidden;
  bottom: 0;
  height: 100%;
}
.article-comparison .comparison-slider {
  height: 100%;
  width: 3px;
  position: absolute;
  left: 50%;
  top: 0;
  transform: translateX(calc(-50% - 20px));
  background: #fff;
  margin: 0 20px;
}
.ie .article-comparison .comparison-slider {
  margin: 0;
}
.article-comparison .comparison-slider .slider-block {
  background: transparent;
  height: 50px;
  width: 5px;
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  left: -1.5px;
}
.article-comparison .comparison-slider:before,
.article-comparison .comparison-slider:after {
  font-family: 'fontello';
  font-size: 30px;
  width: 20px;
  height: 30px;
  color: #fff;
  top: 50%;
  position: absolute;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  text-align: center;
  vertical-align: middle;
  line-height: 1;
  transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
}
.article-comparison .comparison-slider:before {
  content: '\53';
  left: -20px;
}
.article-comparison .comparison-slider:after {
  content: '\e800';
  left: 3px;
}
.article-comparison input[type='range'] {
  -webkit-appearance: none;
  -moz-appearance: none;
  -ms-progress-appearance: none;
  appearance: none;
  display: inline-block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
  z-index: 99;
  cursor: col-resize;
}
.ie .article-comparison input[type='range'] {
  height: 4px;
}
.article-comparison input[type='range']::ms-track {
  background: transparent;
  border-color: transparent;
}
.article-comparison input[type='range']::-ms-fill-lower {
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
}
.article-comparison input[type='range']::-ms-fill-upper {
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
}
.article-comparison input[type='range']:hover + .comparison-slider:before {
  left: -22px;
}
.article-comparison input[type='range']:hover + .comparison-slider:after {
  left: 5px;
}
.article-comparison input[type='range']:focus,
.article-comparison input[type='range']:active {
  outline: 0;
  border: 0;
}
.article-comparison input[type='range']::-moz-range-thumb {
  width: 4px;
  height: 50px;
  position: relative;
  background: #fff;
  appearance: none;
}
.article-comparison input[type='range']::-webkit-slider-thumb {
  width: 4px;
  height: 50px;
  position: relative;
  background: #fff;
  appearance: none;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .article-comparison input[type='range']::-webkit-slider-thumb {
    width: 35px;
    background: transparent;
    outline: 0;
    border: 0;
  }
}
.article-comparison input[type='range']::ms-thumb {
  width: 1px;
  height: 0;
  position: relative;
}
.topic-title {
  font-size: 20px;
  line-height: 1.45;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .topic-title {
    font-size: 18px;
  }
}
.topic-title .title-text {
  font-size: 40px;
  margin: 0 0 20px;
  text-align: center;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .topic-title .title-text {
    font-size: 30px;
  }
}
.topic-title .container {
  padding: 50px;
  max-width: 720px;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .topic-title .container {
    padding: 40px 20px 50px;
  }
}
.goTop {
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  position: fixed;
  overflow: hidden;
  width: 46px;
  height: 46px;
  right: 30px;
  bottom: 50px;
  color: #444;
  font-size: 34px;
  line-height: 46px;
  text-align: center;
  text-decoration: none;
  background: none;
  border-radius: 6px;
  z-index: 11;
  transition: 0.3s linear visibility, 0.3s linear opacity;
}
.goTop.show {
  visibility: visible;
  opacity: 1;
}
.goTop:before {
  content: '\e801';
  font-family: 'fontello';
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: normal;
  display: block;
  width: 42px;
  height: 42px;
  color: #898989;
  line-height: 36px;
  border-radius: 99em;
  border: 2px solid #898989;
  background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.7);
}
.author-team {
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.5;
}
.timeline-holder {
  display: flex;
  flex-flow: row nowrap;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .timeline-holder {
    flex-flow: column nowrap;
    padding-top: 40px;
  }
}
.timeline-holder .tns-outer {
  max-width: 400px;
  position: sticky;
  align-self: flex-start;
  top: 73px;
  width: 100%;
  background: #fff;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 1024px) {
  .timeline-holder .tns-outer {
    max-width: 250px;
  }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .timeline-holder .tns-outer {
    max-width: 100%;
    margin: 0 auto;
    z-index: 1;
  }
}
.timeline-images {
  padding: 10px 0;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .timeline-images {
    padding: 0;
  }
}
.timeline-images img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 4/3;
  object-fit: cover;
}
.timeline-lists {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: calc(100% - 400px);
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.75;
  padding: 10px 0;
  margin-left: 20px;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 1024px) {
  .timeline-lists {
    max-width: calc(100% - 250px);
  }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .timeline-lists {
    max-width: 100%;
    margin-left: 0;
  }
}
.timeline-list {
  padding-bottom: 100px;
  padding-left: 60px;
  padding-right: 60px;
  position: relative;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 1024px) {
  .timeline-list {
    padding-left: 20px;
    padding-right: 20px;
  }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .timeline-list {
    padding-left: 0;
    padding-right: 0;
    padding-top: 50px;
    padding-bottom: 60px;
  }
}
.timeline-list::after {
  content: '';
  width: 70%;
  height: 2px;
  background-color: #e0e0e0;
  position: absolute;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
}
.timeline-list:not(:first-child) {
  padding-top: 100px;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .timeline-list:not(:first-child) {
    padding-top: 60px;
  }
}
.timeline-list__title {
  margin: 0 0 30px;
  font-size: 26px;
  position: relative;
  cursor: pointer;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  line-height: 1.45;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .timeline-list__title {
    font-size: 22px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
  }
}
.timeline-list__title::before {
  content: '\e89b';
  font-size: 20px;
  line-height: 24px;
  font-family: 'fontello';
  display: inline-block;
  width: 0;
  will-change: width;
  transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
  height: 24px;
  opacity: 0;
  color: #e53939;
  visibility: hidden;
}
.active .timeline-list__title::before {
  width: 24px;
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
}
.navigation-hamburger + .section-social {
  right: 35px;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .navigation-hamburger + .section-social {
    right: 10px;
  }
}
.section-social {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  right: 10px;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  width: 100px;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .section-social {
    margin-right: 28px;
  }
}
.section-social .social-btn {
  width: 40px;
  height: 50px;
  font-size: 30px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: #878787;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.section-social .social-btn i {
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}
@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
  .section-social .social-btn i {
    transform: none;
  }
}
.section-social .social-btn.line:hover {
  color: #00c300;
}
.section-social .social-btn.facebook:hover {
  color: #1877f2;
}
@-moz-keyframes blink {
  0% {
    opacity: 0;
  }
  49% {
    opacity: 0;
  }
  50% {
    opacity: 1;
  }
}
@-webkit-keyframes blink {
  0% {
    opacity: 0;
  }
  49% {
    opacity: 0;
  }
  50% {
    opacity: 1;
  }
}
@-o-keyframes blink {
  0% {
    opacity: 0;
  }
  49% {
    opacity: 0;
  }
  50% {
    opacity: 1;
  }
}
@keyframes blink {
  0% {
    opacity: 0;
  }
  49% {
    opacity: 0;
  }
  50% {
    opacity: 1;
  }
}